Vertical distribution and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols above the Korean peninsula are quite important to estimate effects of aerosol on atmospheric environment and regional radiative forcing. For the first time in Korea, vertical microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosol obtained by inversion algorithm were analyzed based on optical data of multi-wavelength Raman lidar system developed by the Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Gwangju Institute Science and Technology (GIST). Data collected on 14 June 2004 at Gwangju ($35.10^{circ}N,;126.53^{circ}E$) and 27 May 2005 at Anmyeon island ($36.32^{circ}N,;126.19^{circ}E$) were used as raw optical data for inversion algorithm. Siberian forest fire smoke and local originated haze were observed above and within the height of PBL, respectively on 14 June 2004 according to NOAA/Hysplit backstrajectory analysis. The inversion of lidar optical data resulted in particle effective radii around $0.31{sim}0.33{mu}m$, single scattering albedo between $0.964{sim}0.977$ at 532 nm in PBL and effective radii of $0.27{mu}m$ and single scattering albedo between $0.923{sim}0.924$ above PBL. In the case on 27 May 2005, biomass burning from east China was a main source of aerosol plume. The inversion results of the data on 27 May 2005 were found to be particle effective radii between $0.23{sim}0.24{mu}m$, single scattering albedo around $0.924{sim}0.929$ at 532 nm. Additionally, the inversion values were well matched with those of Sun/sky radiometer in measurement period.