Structural analyses have shown that nucleotides at the positions 770 and 771 of Escherichia coli 16S rRNA are implicated in forming one of highly conserved intersubunit bridges of the ribosome, B2c. To examine a functional role of these residues, base substitutions were introduced at these positions and mutant ribosomes were analyzed for their protein synthesis ability using a specialized ribosome system. The results showed requirement of a pyrimidine at the position 770 for ribosome function regardless of the nucleotide identity at the position 771. Sucrose gradient profiles of ribosomes revealed that the loss of protein-synthesis ability of mutant ribosome bearing a base substitution from C to G at the position 770 stems from its inability to form 70S ribosomes. These findings indicate involvement of nucleotide at the position 770, not 771, in ribosomal subunit association and provide a useful rRNA mutation that can be used as a target to investigate the physical interaction between 16S and 23S rRNA.