This review summarizes the cause of allergy and control by lactic acid bacteria. Atopic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, eczema and food allergy have increased in most industrialized countries of the world during the last 20 years. The reasons for this increase are not clear and different hypotheses have been assessed including increased exposure to sensitizing allergens or decreased stimulation of the immune system during critical periods of development. Probiotic bacteria, which beneficially affect the host by improving its microbial balance, may mediate anti-allergenic effects by immune stimulation. Although more clinical evidences are required, the possible role of specific LAB strains in the prevention of allergic diseases has become more evident. since the role of functional food is important for prevention, it is expected for the more anti-allergy fermented milk products to be on the market.