Osteoblastoma is a relatively rare benign bone tumor representing less than 1% of all bone tumors. The tumor usually involves the spine and sacrum of young individuals, less than 10% being localized to the skull, and nearly half of these affect the mandible, especially the posterior segments. In clinical finding, osteoblastoma present mainly with pain, swelling, and expansion of bone cortex. Radiographic appearances are variable, but frequently a well-delineated radiolucent lesion containing varying amounts of mineral deposits is seen. Histologically, ostoeblastoma is consists of irregular trabeculeae of osteoid and immature bone present within highly vascular connective tissue matrix. Osteoblastoma must be differentiated from a number of bone-producing lesions, including osteoid osteoma, fibrous dysplasia, ossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, and osteosarcoma. If diagnosis may be mistaken for osteosarcoma, there are risks of more aggressive and irreversible treatment. Differential diagnosis of osteoblastoma is important. The preferred treatment of osteoblastoma is conservative approach and surgical excision. Recurrence following surgical intervention is rare. We treated osteoblastoma located in premolar area of mandible by excision with preservation of vital structure, such as nerves and teeth. So we report our clinical treatment with literature review