During dongchimi fermentation at 5 and $25^{circ}C$, the pH lowered slowly and reached 4.03 at $5^{circ}C$ after 30 days, whereas it lowered dramatically and reached 3.59 at $25^{circ}C$ after 2 days. The predominant bacteria were Leuconostoc (Leu.) mesenteroides at $25^{circ}C$ until day 2 which changed into Lactobacillus (Lb.) plantarum at day 3, analyzed by a culture dependent method with partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whereas Leu. mesenteroides occupied predominantly at $5^{circ}C$ until day 7. In a culture-independent method using a polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) with partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Lb. algidus was predominant at $5^{circ}C$ until day 7 and Lb. plantarum occupied predominantly at $25^{circ}C$ until day 3, which is different from the results of the culture based method, indicating the both methods need to be combined for accuracy. Based on the culture-dependent method, Leu. mesenteroides might be responsible for the early and mid-phase of dongchimi fermentation.