Seven compounds including hederagenin 3-[(O-${alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-($1{ ightarrow}2$)-${alpha}$-L-arabinopyranosyl) (1), $3{eta}$-[(O-${alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-($1{ ightarrow}2$)-${alpha}$-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]olean-12-en-28-oic acid (2), caffeic acid methyl ester (3), ferulic acid (4), orebiusin A (5), latifonicinin C (6) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfuraldehyde (7) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the roots of Pulsatilla koreana. Their chemical structures were established based on physicochemical and spectroscopic data analyses. All isolates were investigated for their cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 1 showed inhibitory activity against A549, COLO 205, and L1210 cancer cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 15.8, 36.5, and 22.8 ${mu}g$/mL, respectively.