A Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain designated $IBFC2009^T$ was isolated from soil of a bamboo plantation. The strain could grow at $11^{circ}C{sim}39^{circ}C$, pH 6.0~9.0, and in the presence of 0~5% NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, Strain $IBFC2009^T$ belonged to the genus Sphingobacterium and showed the highest sequence similarity of 94.6% (S. composti $T5-12^T$ ) with the type strains within the genus. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (iso-$C_{15:0}$ 2-OH and/or $C_{16:1}$ ${omega}7c$, 34.4%), isO-$C_{15:0}$ (22.4%), $C_{16:0}$ 3-OH (15.2%), and iso-$C_{17:0}$ 3-OH (12.8%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 41.0 mol%. According to the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, Strain $IBFC2009^T$ should represent a novel species of the genus Sphingobacterium, for which the name Sphingobacterium bambusae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is $IBFC2009^T$ (=CCTCC AB $209162^T$ =KCTC $22814^T$).