The methanol extract of muskmelon (Cucumis melo) has been investigated for its cognition enhancing effects by evaluation of inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase, a degrading enzyme of acetylcholine, a brain neurotransmitter, and ${eta}$- secretase, which forms the ${eta}$-amyloid toxic protein from its precursor protein. A passive avoidance task, one of the animal model experiments for learning and memory, was also performed. As a result, the melon extract showed 15.8% and 35.3% inhibition on acetylcholinesterase and ${eta}$-secretase, respectively, with a final concentration of 100 mg/ml. In the animal model test, melon extract significantly (p<0.05) lengthened the step-through latency time by 22.7% compared to the control group, suggesting that melon extract has, indeed, an effect on cognition enhancement.