Objectives: This study aims to perform comparative analysis of educational effects between video self-instruction (VSI) and basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation among college students in some areas. Methods: This study was conducted with 57 college students (28 for control group and 29 for experimental group) in U Metropolitan City from September 27 to October 5, 2007, and SPSS 14.0 Version was used for analysis. Results: As for differences in attitudes before and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, the experimental group (1.48) was higher than the control group (.91), which was significant (p<.001). The experimental group (9.56) also showed higher knowledge score than the control group (7.79) with significant differences (p<.05). The former (3.93) also showed higher concrete self-efficacy than the latter (2.17). with significant differences (p<.05). The experimental group (43.24) showed higher practical performance ability than the control group (34.48), with no significant difference. The former (30.93) also showed higher accuracy in chest compression skill than the control group (20.25). with no significant difference.