Xiphasia setifer is reported for the first time from the South Sea of Korea based on a single specimen (291.0 mm SL) collected in September 2010. This species is characterized by the origin of the dorsal fin located vertically above the anterior margin of the eye; dorsal fin rays XIV, 114; anal fin soft rays 114, and vertebrae 130. The new Korean name of the genus Xiphasia is proposed as "Galchi-be-do-ra-chi-sok" and the Korean name of X. setifer as "Gal-chi-be-do-ra-chi", following Yamada et al. (2009).