Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most common endocrine disrupters. In the last decade, the number of studies concerning the effects of chronic treatment with BPA on the development of the central nervous system (CNS) has increased. However, little is known about the effects of chronic exposure to BPA on higher brain functions such as memory or psychomotor functions. Here, we report our following findings: (1) Prenatal and neonatal exposure to BPA enhances psychostimulant-induced rewarding effects, results in the up- or downregulation of dopamine receptors, causes memory impairment, and decreases choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity. (2) BPA activates astrocytes in vivo and in vitro. These findings suggest that prenatal and neonatal exposure to BPA affects the development of the CNS.