The Positive List System was newly introduced in South Korea as of January 2007. This study aims to survey and compare perception of and attitudes toward the Positive List System in the process of new drug listing that health professionals and pharmaceutical companies have. 50 professionals and 52 companies answered the questionnaire regarding health policy environments, policy decision/enforcement process, policy effects and satisfaction related to introducing the Positive List System. SAS 9.1 was used for statistical analyses. The results showed that participants had the general sympathy with health policy environments for the introduction of the Positive List System into South Korea. However, the response rates of policy decision/enforcement process and effects were negative and these tendencies were more striking in pharmaceutical companies. As for policy satisfaction, participants marked positive responses more than negative ones. It is necessary to remedy and supplement problems with policy decision/enforcement policy and effects revealed in this study and to improve the Positive List System through gathering opinions among groups and organization concerned.