In this paper, we newly propose a wireless optical identification system and carried out experiments. A wireless optical identification system consists of a reader and a transponder. The configuration of a reader is the same as that of a transponder, which uses LED light as transmission media and detects the signal light with a solar cell. Optical alignment with a lens is not required because the absorption area of a solar cell is wide and flat, and it is very easy to attach a solar cell on the surface of an object. As the light wavelength does not interfere with radio frequency, a wireless optical identification system shows stable operation. In experiments, we realized a wireless optical identification system that automatically identifies the transponder data at a distance of 1 m using solar cells.