A new method for rotor spun yarn prediction from fiber properties based on the theory of support vector machines (SVM) was introduced. The SVM represents a new approach to supervised pattern classification and has been successfully applied to a wide range of pattern recognition problems. In this study, high volume instrument (HVI) and advanced fiber information system (Uster AFIS) fiber test results consisting of different fiber properties are used to predict the rotor spun yarn strength. The results obtained through this study indicated that the SVM method would become a powerful tool for predicting rotor spun yarn strength. The relative importance of each fiber property on the rotor spun yarn strength is also expected. The study shows also that the combination of SVM parameters and optimal search method chosen in the model development played an important role in better performance of the model. The predictive performances are estimated and compared to those provided by ANFIS model.