Soil management for orchard depends on the effects of soil microbial activities. The present study evaluated the soil microbial community of 25 orchard in Gyeongnam Province by fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) method. The average concentrations in the orchard soils were $332nmol;g^{-1}$ of total FAMEs, $94nmol;g^{-1}$ of bacteria, $46nmol;g^{-1}$ of Gram-negative bacteria, $42nmol;g^{-1}$ of Gram-positive bacteria, $4.8nmol;g^{-1}$ of actinomycetes, $54nmol;g^{-1}$ of fungi, and $9.1nmol;g^{-1}$ of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In addition, sandy loam soils had significantly low ratio of cy19:0 to 18:$1{omega}7c$ compared with that of loam soils (p<0.05), indicating that microbial stress decreased. The average soil microbial communities in the orchard soils were 28.1% of bacteria, 15.9% of fungi, 13.6% of Gram-negative bacteria, 12.5% of Gram-positive bacteria, 2.8% of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and 1.4% of actinomycetes. The soil microbial community of Gram-negative bacteria in peach cultivating soils was significantly higher than that of pear cultivating soils (p<0.05).