The purpose of this study was to identify a causal relationship in the career preparation behavior, parental social support, career decision making self-efficacy and the career maturity of the pre-service elementary school teachers. A total of 374 questionnaires were used for data analysis, excluding the 23 copies deemed insincere in response. To ensure the reliability and validity of the questions, technical statistics of the frequency, ratio, average, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis via PASW 18.0, item-total correlation, the totality, and the reliability analysis. The structural analysis via AMOS 7.0 in the bootstrapping method was undertaken to perform the path analysis among the variables and to assess the suitability of the model. The findings of the study led to the following conclusions: First, the causal model for the career preparation behavior, parental social support, career decision making self-efficacy, and the career maturity of the pre-service elementary school teachers is suitable to empirical analysis on research variables. Second, the career decision making self-efficacy of pre-service elementary teachers has direct effect on career preparation behavior positively. Third, parental social support of the pre-service elementary teachers has indirect effects on the career preparation behavior positively.