This study presents estimation method of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity by using solution of inverse heat conduction problem. Time and depth temperature distribution data from full-scale fire test were used for estimating temperature-dependent thermal conductivity on hybrid-fiber reinforced shield tunnel lining. At short heating time, estimated thermal conductivity sharply decreased within $100^{circ}C$. On the other hand, it reflected thermal properties of concrete and effect of steel fiber at heating time of measured maximum heating temperature. Thus arbitrary time should be determined to estimate temperature-dependent thermal conductivity in time zone of measured maximum heating temperature. Estimated temperature-dependent thermal conductivity is similar to results of other study.