In this paper, experimental and numerical investigations on mechanical behaviors of SS304 stainless steel under fully reversed strain-controlled, relaxation, ratcheting and multiple step strain-controlled cyclic loading have been performed. The kinematic and isotropic hardening theories based on the Chaboche model are used to predict the plastic behavior. An iterative method is utilized to analyze the mechanical behavior under cyclic loading conditions based on the Chaboche hardening model. A set of kinematic and isotropic parameters was obtained by using the genetic algorithm optimization approach. In order to analyze the effectiveness of this optimization procedure, numerical and experimental results for an SS304 stainless steel are compared. Finally, the results of this research show that by using the material parameters optimized based on the strain-controlled and relaxation data, good agreement with the experimental data for ratcheting is achieved.