Collected germplasms of five representative species belonging to Curcuma genus (C. longa, C. aromatica, C. zedoaria, C. phaeocaulis and C. kwangsiensis) were 52 samples from different farmhouse in Korea and China. To elucidate the genetic diversity among the species, 52 samples were analyzed by genomic fingerprinting method using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). AFLP results of 6 primer combinations were revealed 643 total DNA fragments and 349 polymorphic bands with the 54.3% ratio of polymorphism. In the analysis of coefficient similarity using unweight pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA), 52 Curcuma germplasm lines were ranged from 0.60 to 0.99 and clustered distinct five groups according to the species and collected geographical levels. However, the result of principal coordinate analysis (PCA) by multi-variate analysis was shown significantly greater differences among species than geographical origins based on AFLP profiling data of these samples.