In the present study, we examined the chemoprotective effects of different rice bran, which are produced by fermentation or not, on doxorubicin induced rat model, and detected the change of components of rice bran. Rats receiving fermented rice bran of 100 mg/kg by oral plus doxorubicin 10 mg/kg had greater weight gain as +24% than that observed with doxorubicin alone. In case of the treatment of non-fermented rice bran of 100 mg/kg by oral with doxorubicin of 10 mg/kg, fermented rice bran showed a -1.3% decrease in body weight. 100 mg/kg fermented rice bran decreased the incidence to 30%, and non-fermented rice bran decreased the incidence to 50%. In lethality, the rate of death of doxorubicin was 60%. 100 mg/kg fermented rice bran decreased to 10% in death rate and non-fermented rice bran to 30%. In gross gastrointestinal pathology, doxorubicin showed the gross gastrointestinal mucosal pathology in 70% of treated rats, fermented rice bran decreased to 40% and non-fermented rice bran to 50%. In the change of constituent, xylose concentration of fermented rice bran was detected to 59.33 mg/g while its concentration of non-fermented rice bran was 11.12 mg/g.