Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the association factors of infection control practice based on health belief model in the dental hygienists in dental clinics. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 278 dental hygienists in 160 dental clinics in Gwangju by a proportional stratified sampling method from September 13 to October 7, 2013. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 12.0. Results : In multiple regression analysis, practice scores were significantly higher in aged dental hygienists and those who took infectious disease history from the patients before treatment. With regard to health belief model, perceived barrier was negatively associated with the practice(${eta}$=-.16, p<.001), importance of infection control in hand hygiene(${eta}$=.14, p=.026), and use of personal protective equipment(${eta}$=.17, p=.043). The intention of action was positively associated with the practice(${eta}$=.13, p=.002). Conclusions : This study will provide the basic evidence for the quality improvement of infection control and prevention. So the dental hygienists will be able to put into practice in infection control management.