Recently, to overcome the impacts on the environment and other problems associated with fossil fuels have forced many countries to inquire into energy savings and low carbon. In this regards, a significant portion of the total primary energy is consumed by today`s buildings in many countries in the world. But fortunately in many of these buildings, the energy consumption reduced by adopting energy efficiency strategies. Due to environmental concerns and high cost of energy in recent years there has been a renewed interest in building energy efficiency. At first, This paper strives to make an exhaustive technical review of the building envelope components(BIPV) and respective improvements from an energy efficiency perspective. And second, the advantages and disadvantages of the thermal building insulation materials and solutions such as AEROGEL, VIP, & etc have been treated. The third, windows typically account for about 30-50 percent of the transmission losses. So window glazing and the frame design and material makes heavy position on the performance of buildings.