Long-term thermal stability is one of the essential issues in the membrane
industries, especially membrane reformer. Some literatures reported that Pd
based membranes prepared by electroless plating (ELP) on various PSS substrates
were highly stable at high-temperature and most of them showed the stability at
723-773 K or for < 1 day at 873-923. Most ELP studies have used EDTA salt
because it increases the stability of the bath and assists in controlling the
plating process at different temperatures. However, the EDTA salt causes low
purity in the palladium layer due to the incorporation of the EDTA complex
within the metal deposit and the contamination of carbon. Recently, the
University of British Columbia (UBC) developed an EDTA-free ELP method, which
was performed at room temperature. The room temperature ELP method has several
advantages, including very high selectivity, stability, favorable energy
efficiency and simplicity.
In spite of several advantages of EDTA-free ELP method, there is a drawback to
overcome. When using planar substrates in EDTA-free ELP method, the plating
solution diffuses into the bottom of the substrate, and palladium is plated on
the surface of the metal grain that composes the substrate because of low
stability of plating solution. Occasionally, the palladium growth on the
surface of the metal grain connects the membrane layer with the metal substrate
and causes an intermetallic diffusion between the two components during high temperature processing. Moreover, the palladium plating on the surface of the
metal grain of the substrate causes palladium ion waste in the plating solution.
This study was performed to avoid palladium deposition in the pores of a
planar metal support during electroless palladium plating using an EDTA-free
bath. The bottom of the ceramic-modified planar porous stainless steel (PSS)
was shielded by palmitic acid prior to palladium plating. Following palladium
plating, the palmitic acid was removed from the bottom of the support using
heat. The palmitic acid-treated membrane and the conventional membrane were
compared with the SEM analysis, the EDX analysis of the membrane surface, the
EDX line scanning of the membrane cross-section and the membrane stability test at 873 K.