The purpose this paper is to present matters associated with leisure activity and leisure-time physical activity among Japanese elderly. We concluded that Japanese elderly is relativ ely active engaging in LTPA and can have positive benefits from regular participation in LTPA. At the same time, there are issues associated with LTPA among elderly in Japan. Besides reaso ns of cessation of LTPA or inactivity thaL former research has addressed, such as lack of interest, health condition, and lack of belief on benefits of LTPA, we suggest that human relations hip and traditional rules in Japanese society are important issues to address for fu t ure development of LTPA among elderly in Japan.