The study is to outline an appropriate governance system for transport in China in order to further improve quality of transport system for the next stage. The development process of transport governance system in China is analyzed with the general economic reform and the setting of a Super-Ministry for transport in the background, so as to identify related problems. In addition to this, benchmarking of the USA, Japan etc. is done to provide references. Considering future development, an appropriate modern governance system for transport in China is suggested. The governance system should include multiple subjects, including governments, enterprises, social organizations and residents' autonomous organizations etc. And the mechanism of transport governance will transfer from an administrative system to a cooperative system.