Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the complication and clinical prognosis of af a variety of vertical ridge augmentation. Materials and methods: Cases with vertical ridge augmentation using autogenous block bone graft and particulate bone graft material and cases with supraplant and GBR were selected between Jul 2003 and Apr 2007. We evaluated the complication of the individual surgical methods, bone graft material and membrane through medical records. The amount of bone augmentation was measured by radiography. And also success rate of bone graft and implant survival rate were evaluated. Results: Vertical ridge augmentation using bone graft was performed in total 31 sites. These included 18 ridge augmentation using particulate bone, 11 autogenous onlay block bone grafts, and 2 interpositional bone grafts. The period of postoperative followup ranged from 7 months to 42 months, with a mean of 16.2 months. The amount of vertical augmentation ranged from 3 mm to 10.4 mm, with a mean of 5.7 mm. The rate of complication was 51.6% and wound dehiscences(9 cases) developed the most frequently. Complete failure rate of bone graft was 9.7% and survival rate of implants was 97.6%. Supraplant and GBR were performed in 27 patients and 41 implants were placed. The amount of augmentation ranged from 1 mm to 5 mm, with a mean of 2.9 mm. The rate of complication was 37% and wound dehiscences(7 cases) developed the most frequently. Primary osseointegration failure developed in 2 implants and survival rate of implants was 95.1%. Conclusion: When vertical ridge augmentation is performed, there is a possibility of wound dehiscence and subsequently bone graft failure. However, implant failure cannot be associated with bone graft failure. In particular, the frequency of wound dehiscence is very high in onlay block bone graft. Wound dehiscence can cause complete failure or partial loss of bone graft. So clinicans should select the adequate surgical methods considering the benefits and disadvantages.