The cultural layer of the Neolithic era has so far been recognized that it belongs to the latter period of the Neolithic era. However, in view of features found in the earthen ware and the composition of stone implements its origin can be traced back to the early period of the Neolithic era. With 'Kuyonbuhanjeong Dansaseonmuntokee' (which is an earthen vessel with decorations of short oblique lines which are limited to its mouth area) being the cultural mainstream and with the absence of typical Youngseondong type earthen ware, it is presumed that the date can be traced back to the end of the early period; such a presumption becomes more realistic when comparing the characteristics such as 'Kuyonbuhanjeong Dansaseonmuntokee' and the absence of Youngseondong type earthen ware with the remains of the adjacent areas and the current chronicle. The cultural layer of the Jangyon-ri remains has hitherto believed to be the one developed in the latter period of the Neolithic era, and was therefore deemed unsuitable for understanding the cultural development of the Neolithic era in Honam region lacking the data of the earlier times. However, since the date of the Jangyon-ri remains' cultural layer can be traced back to the earlier period, it will possibly make up the shortage of data available for the Neolithic era in Honam region. It will also provide the important data giving an enlightening insight into the composition of earthen ware and stone implements at the end of the Neolithic era's early period and their lifestyle in southern regions.