This paper seeks to (1) introduce the Museum Assessment Program (MAP), a collaborative project between the Institute for Museum and Library Services and the American Association of Museums, which has been widely implemented in the U.S. for the past 30 years, and (2) look into the possibility of its application in Korean museums. Developed in 1982, the U.S. MAP is comprised of Institutional Assessment (IMAP), Collection Management Assessment (CMAP), Public Dimension Assessment (PDA), and Governance Assessment (GMAP), which is characterized by such processes as Apply, Self-study, Peer Review, and Implementation. The MAP initiative focuses on assessment and qualitative improvement, rather than a judgmental evaluation, related to a kind of consultative process that involves self-study, feedback, and specialized advice. In particular, the MAP process, which depends on the participation of museum specialists, is intended for the benefit of the program museums themselves. If the MAP system is applied to Korean museums, it could improve the low participation rate, which was caused by the uniformity of indicators, in the assessment program along with enabling museums to identify fundamental problem areas and to formulate long-term plans better. The credibility of peer review and the confidentiality of assessment results are additional advantages of this program. To introduce a MAP initiative in Korea, it will be necessary to develop a broad consensus on the assessment standards and procedures, together with a widespread awareness and acceptance of the program’s importance among the relevant parties. For this, a lead organization, with adequate manpower and professional expertise, should be designated to oversee this process. Moreover, the government’s endorsement and support for this program will be essential as well.