Why is ‘trade and women’ issue important? We could approach this question from the perspective of whether human capital is genderless. Does the input of human capital named ‘male’ and ‘female’ generate the same results in trade and output? Female human capital accumulation has externality, contributing to the sustainable and inclusive growth measures. International community’s approach to the issue is in line with these considerations. Why have we neglected trade and women so far? In the case of Korea, the labor market was formed male-centered in the process of promoting export-oriented industrialization centered on large companies. In response to the rapid increase in demand for technical manpower in hand with transition to heavy and chemical industrialization during the industrialization period in the 1970s, Korea implemented a national manpower training policy. However, in the future the participation of female labor will become an indispensable factor along with the development of the high value-added service industry and cultural content industry. In order to utilize female labor, it is necessary to induce active participation in the labor market by pursuing work-life balance.