1970년대 이전에는 시력이 저하된 모든 경우를 통칭하여 약시라고 부르는 경향이 있었으나, 그 이후부터 미국과 유럽에서는 저시력이라는 용어를 사용하고 있다. 저시력은 수치로 정의하기 보다는 기능적인 상태 및 학습 수행 능력의 장애 정도에 있으며 저시력의 범위를 시력의 수치, 시야의 넓이 등 일률적으로 표시할 수는 없다. 아직 우리나라에서는 약시(amblyopia)와 저시력(low vision)이란 용어가 혼용되고 있는데, 약시는 넓은 의미에서 저시력에 포함될 수 있기 때문에 이 글에서는 저시력이란 용어를 통일해서 사용했다.
This article was to analyze the reading characteristics of students with low vision based on physiological and pathological approach in order to search out effective reading methods which were the most of tasks in the education for them. In reading moving letters, it was possible to read regularly by means of reading materials with slow moving speed, but as for the interval between letters, the wider it was, the slower was reading speed. The reading speed of static letters was faster than that of moving letters. In case of bright-ness and color contrast, reading speed became slow in color contrast. In simulation of reading characteristics according to eye conditions, reading speed became slow in ametropia. In case floodlight projectors such as cornea, lens and vitreous body were hazy, it was difficult to recognize letters with many stroke counts. In case of peripheral constriction, reading efficiency became low owing to the impossibility of eye movement. In case of normal central visual field, it was possible to recognize letters or characters. In case of central visual disturbance, even if the size of scotoma was small, it influenced reading speed and accuracy.
I. 서 론 Ⅱ. 시각정보 처리 개요 Ⅲ. 이동문자의 읽기 특성 Ⅴ. 주요 안질환별 모의 읽기 특성 Ⅵ. 주요 안질환별 읽기 특성과 조치 Ⅶ. 결 론
