In the present study, an effort was directed to elucidate the effect of the physical training on the pulmonary function. Twenty-four male athletics major students who have undergone regular physical training for more than five years were randomly chosen as the athletic subjects, and 12 regular male students who have not been engaged in any form of regular physical exercise or training were chosen as the non-athletic subjects, and a comparison was made between the two groups. The following were mainly observed by spirometry for the study; respiratory rate, tidal volume, vital capacity, maximum voluntary ventilation(MVV), forced expiratory volume for 1 second(FEV₁), percent FEV₁ to forced vital capacity(FEV_1%), forced expiratory flow for initial 1 liter(FEF 0.2~1.2L), and forced mid-expiratory flow(FEF 25-75%). The results obtained are summarized as follow. 1) The respiratory rate, tidal volume, and vital capacity showed no significant difference between athletes and non-athletes. The MVV in athletes was significantly (p<0.01) increased to 148.1±3.1 L/min comparing with 118.3±9.1 L/min in non-athletes. 2) FEV₁ was 3.310±0.070 L in athletes and 2.779±0.104 in non-athletes; FEV₁% 83.63±1.29% in athletes and 75.33±1.75% in non-athletes, both showing significant(p<0.01) increase in athletes. 3) FEF 0.2-1.2L was 297.1±13.5 L/min in athletes and 222.7±15.0 L/min in non-athletes; FEF 25-75% was 3.543±0.109 L/sec in non-athletes, both showing significant(p<0.01) increase in athletes. 4) Some discussions were made on these results. The lung volumes showed no significant difference between the two groups. But MVV, FEV₁, FEV₁%, FEF 0.2-1.2L and FEF 25-75% in athletes were significantly(p<0.01) higher than in non-athletes. It is therefore concluded that the athletes have more powerful respiratory muscles, or higher compliance of the lung and thorax than the non-athletes.