Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in vascular hypertension. The role of the chemokine CCL5 on Ang II-induced activities in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has not been studied. In this study, we elucidated the effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced 12-lipoxygenase (LO) expression and cell proliferation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) VSMCs. CCL5 decreased Ang II-induced 12-LO mRNA expression and protein production, and it increased Ang II type 2 (AT2) receptor expression in SHR VSMCs. The inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced 12-LO mRNA expression was mediated through the AT2 receptor. Although treatment of CCL5 alone induced SHR VSMCs proliferation, CCL5 inhibited Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation and PD123,319, an AT2 receptor antagonist, blocked the inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation. Phosphorylation of p38 was detected in VSMCs treated with Ang II or CCL5 alone. But, decrease of p38 phosphorylation was detected in VSMCs treated with Ang II and CCL5 simultaneously (Ang II/CCL5) and PD123,319 increased p38 phosphorylation in VSMCs treated with Ang II/CCL5. Therefore, these results suggest that the inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation is mediated by the AT2 receptor via p38 inactivation, and CCL5 may play a beneficial role in Ang II-induced vascular hypertension.