The purpose of this study is to develop the new song teaching program based on musical concepts for young children and to report the effect of such program on musical aptitude and musical creativity of young children. In order to develop the new song teaching program based on musical concepts for young children, this study performed literature research in childhood education institutes and teaching materials. In order to supplement the found deficiencies from the analysis, preceding study and literature research was conducted on music education, musical concepts, singing training, songs, musical aptitude and musical creativity. Contents of the new song teaching program based on musical concepts for young children is composed of 4 following stages: Recognition of musical concepts, Exploration of musical concepts, Advanced musical concepts 1, Advanced musical concepts 2. In order to verify the applied effect of the new song teaching program based on musical concepts for young children, total of 28 session program over 14 week period from April 11th, 2016 through July 15th, 2016 on fifty-nine 5-year olds at Y-Kindergarten in Gyeonggi province was conducted (experimental group: 29, control group: 30) based on pretest-post test control group design. In conclusion, findings of this study signify that the new song teaching program based on musical concepts for young children hold positive effect in musical aptitude and in musical creativity. By applying the new song teaching program based on musical concepts for young children developed through this study in the young children education field, possibility of movement toward formation of systematic musical environment and proper aiming for frequent the new song teaching is implied.