This study aims to figure out what kind of competences Chinese teachers need when teaching foreigners Chinese and if there is a difference between the importance degree they cognise and the practical level they keep, which could help to indicate improving directions of teachers cultivation and training. To achieve this purpose, we chose 56 in-service Chinese teachers in Q City, Shandong Province, China as the subject of investigation. As results of this study, about the importance degree of competences of teaching foreigners Chinese, the average score is pretty high, which could assure the competences Chinese teachers need, but as for practical level, the average score is relatively low, which could help to assure the improving directions. In conclusion, competences of teaching foreigners can be divided into knowledge, skill and attitude. To improve the practical level of Chinese teachers, it s necessary to attach more importance to Chinese culture, methods of language education, cross-cultural adaptation, research on teaching and so on in Chinese teachers cultivation and training programs.