This study is to identify the predictors of risk factors associated with the incidence of pneumothorax in Korean adults. Data were surveyed using interview and questionnaires by 128 patients who visited a general hospital located in S area from March 14 to May 3, 2017. The results were as follows. Firstly, in terms of monthly mean income, 15.6% of the case groups with income of more than 3 million won was significantly less than 26.6 percent of the control groups(X2=9.41, p<.05). Secondly, it was revealed that the case groups(35.9%) of heavy drinking a day were lower than the control groups(40.6%) in the incidence of pneumothorax by 0.82 times(OR=0.82, 95% Cl=0.38-7.41). Thirdly, case groups that ate frequently radish showed significantly lower rate in the incidence of pneumothorax than control groups by 0.82 times(OR=0.32, 95% Cl=0.27-0.84). Fourthly, it was found that the risk of pneumothorax in the case group with high school graduates was significantly lower than those with less than middle school graduates by 0.66 times(OR=0.66, 95% Cl=0.15-0.93). In conclusion, it can be seen that diet and education are important in preventing pneumothorax.