This study was performed to identify the factors affecting the intention of rectal cancer screening in middle-aged men over the age of 40 in a local community. Data were surveyed using interview and questionnaires by 168 patients who visited a general hospital located in Chungcheong region from August 21 to September 28, 2017. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, in the case of a family history, the 65.5 percent of screening group which has family history of cancer showed a significantly higher rate than 36.9 percent of the non-screenees(X2=2.91, P<.05). Secondly, for other cancer screening, the 69.0 percent of screening group which performed other cancer screening was higher than 53.6 percent of the non-screening group. Thirdly, the 57.1% of screening group which ate meat frequently showed a significantly higher rate than 35.7 percent of the non-screening group(X2=5.47, p<.05). Fourthly, in cases of regular exercise, the incidence of rectal cancer is significantly lower by 0.45 times(95% Cl=0.18-0.76). Fifthly, for the incidence of rectal cancer, the group that has been under a lot of stress was 3.08 times significantly higher than the group that has received less(OR=3.08, 95% Cl=1.26-9.44). In conclusion, it is necessary to provide rectal cancer screening with information that can alter the positive attitudes of the general public.