The purpose of this research is to argue that the lack of local culture understanding sparks off labor disputes by examining Korean company cases in Indonesia. It also contributes to escalation of the conflict. More specifically, Korean companies invested in Indonesia invite the disputes by misunderstanding or disregarding indigenous interpretation on the authority and virtues of the dominant, the paternalistic political culture, and the peculiarity of labor movement in Indonesia. In this article, I suggest that Korean managers and officials in institutions concerned with the Korean companies in Indonesia need to be provided with relevant education and information based on local knowledge to avoid labor disputes and national dis-reputation. Key Words：Paternalism, Labor Movement, Political Bargaining, International Solidarity.