본 연구의 목적은 원가족 유무 및 원가족과의 접촉에 따라 아동양육시설 아동의 문제행동에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고, 이를 통해 아동양육시설 아동에게 있어 원가족이 갖는 의미를 발견하고 사회복지실천을 통한 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 본 연구는 부산의 아동양육시설 중 14개 시설의 초등학교 3학년에서 중학교 3학년까지를 대상으로 하였고, 조사기간은 2010년 4월 12일~4월 30일까지였으며 총 172부를 발송하여 156부를 회수하였으나 문항의 응답 중 무응답과 무성의한 응답을 제외한 142부를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 원가족의 유무에 따른 아동의 행동의 차이는 부모님의 유무는 시설보호 아동의 행동문제에 영향을 미치고 있었으며 친척유무에 있어서는 친척이 없는 아동의 경우 미성숙, 비행, 공격행동에 문제가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 형제·자매가 없는 아동의 경우 불안과 과잉, 미성숙, 비행, 위축, 사고문제의 행동에 문제가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 원가족의 접촉빈도 및 접촉여부에서는 부모와의 접촉빈도와 접촉여부에서는 부모와 만나는 빈도가 높을수록 불안과 과잉, 미성숙, 비행, 공격, 위축, 사고문제의 행동에 문제가 높은 것으로 나타났으며 부모와 전화/편지로 일년에 6~20번 정도 연락하는 아동의 경우 공격과 위축 행동에 문제가 높은 것으로 알 수 있었다. 친척은 만나는 빈도에 따라 과잉행동에만 차이가 나타났다. 친척과 전화 편지 등의 연락을 할 때도 공격행동과 위축행동에만 차이가 나타났다. 아동의 시설 입소나이에 따라 아동의 행동에 차이는 나타나지 않았으며 부모유무, 친척유무, 형제·자매 유무와 입소나이에 따른 아동의 행동에 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이렇듯 원가족과의 접촉을 통한 아동의 문제행동 특성은 부모님과의 접촉에서 두드러지게 나타났지만 친척과 형제·자매도 관계가 있음을 보여주었다.
In detail, the purpose of this study was to examine the difference of problem behavior of children in child care institutions according to whether they had original families or not and whether they contacted with them or not. In addition, based on study findings, the investigator tried to find out the meaning of original families for children in child care institutions, and then grope after a realization strategy of social welfare for them. Study subjects were students in 14 child care institutions in Busan and their school years were from the third year of primary school to the third year of junior high school, Study were carried out over the period from April 12 to 30, 2010. Study questionnaire was sent to 172 subjects and 156 responses were collected. The data of 142 responses were used in final analysis, except 30 responses of which liability was problematic. As for the difference of children's behavior according to whether they had original families or not, the existence of parents had influence upon the problem behavior of children in child care institutions. As for the existence of relatives, children who had no relatives showed more severe problem behavior, such as immaturity, delinquency and aggressiveness. Children who had no siblings had more severe problem behavior in anxiety, hyperactivity, immaturity, delinquency, withdrawal and problematic thought. As for the frequency of contact and whether they contacting with original families or not, children who contacting with parents frequently showed more severe problem behavior in anxiety, hyperactivity, immaturity, delinquency, attack, withdrawal and problematic thought. And children who contacting with parents 6~30 times in a year by telephones or letters showed more severe problem behavior in attack and withdrawal. In case of other relatives, the frequency of contact had influence only upon hyperactivity. In case of contact with relatives by telephones or letters, children's attack and withdrawal behavior were influenced. The entering age of children had no influence upon their problem behavior. In addition, the existence of parents, relatives or siblings and the age of entering had no influence upon their problem behavior. As for the characteristics of original family contact-oriented problem behavior of children, the most remarkable one was their contact with parents, and their contact with relatives and siblings also had influenced upon their problem behavior. Therefore, it is necessary for care institutions to develop and enforce support programs of family system and via the development of original family-related positive programs it must intervene continuously and carry out follow-up services. keywords: original family, child care institution problem behaviors, frequency of contact
Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 연구결과 Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 참고문헌
