This article is an analysis of two well-known intellectual conflicts between nature studiers and human
studiers: the ‘Two Cultures debate’ in the 1960s and the ‘The Science Wars’ covering the 1990s. The
theoretical framework adopted for the analysis is the Educational Epistemology, propounded by the Korean
scholar Sang-ho Chang, having yet to be known widely in the international literature but, as the article
shows, could be highly relevant to the analysis of the two debates. The Educational Epistemology proposes
that some epistemological conflicts can bring education into play and, conversely, education could contribute
to the resolution of them as well. According to the theory, the opinions of ‘vertical relativity’ could be
resolved with educational activities. In this context, the article looks out for ‘vertically relative’ opinions in
the two debates, while it tries to capture the type of interactions among the participants of the debates that
have educational potential. In the Two Cultures debate of the 1960s, the perception of ‘vertical relativity’ is
plainly expressed among leading polemics, though it does not lead much to educational cooperation. In the
Science Wars of the 1990s, ‘vertical relativity’ itself is put into controversy. In comparing the opinions from
each side, nature studiers tended to take the difference to be ‘vertical’, whereas human studiers tended to
consider it ‘horizontal’. The difference in such judgments seems to have incurred irresolvable conflicts
between the two groups. Both sides fail to invite others to educational cooperation as well: those who
believe in ‘vertical relativity’ maintain a coercive manner, heavily charging the others for ignorance. Those
who believe in diversity of opinions (‘horizontal relativity’) are meager in inviting others to educational
interactions. The article also questions the universality of ‘vertical relativity’ across nature studies and human
studies. ‘Vertical relativity’ seems to apply to intellectuals from both knowledge fields in the 1960s’ Two
Cultures debate, but it does not seem to reflect the academic standards of human studies in the 1990s or
the newly emerging interdisciplinary areas.