The purpose of this study is developing a pattern program to improve the pattern capacity of young gifted children. The subjects were 14 elementary students in the lower grades of science gifted education in G University of Education. An in-house t-est for pattern recognition was developed. The program for improving pattern capacities classified patterns into five types: repeated patterns, rotated patterns, symmetrical patterns, increases/variation patterns, and relationship patterns. A training program was developed for each pattern type. Pattern capacities were analyzed in terms of pattern recognition and pattern forming. The students were divided into two groups, those who showed great improvements and those who scored high both in the pre- and the post-test. The representatives of each group were selected, and their pattern abilities were measured based on their worksheets and outcomes. The results of this study are as follows. First, the developed programs had positive impacts on the pattern capacity of gifted children at lower grade. Second, the analysis of the learning and outcomes found that those who scored high in both tests, participated more actively, were more sensitive to the given problem, and showed a higher degree of pattern recognition than the other group. However, those who scored high only in the posttest exhibited more notable improvements between any pair of two subsequent classes than those who scored high both in the pre- and the post-test. Third, the analysis of pattern forming ability reported that, the higher group made more pattern types than the lower group. In addition, the higher group was better at fluency, creativity and elaboration in pattern creation than the lower group.