The purpose of this study is to investigate the diseases that students of Sungkyunkwan dormitory during the Joseon Dynasty had to face fiercely. This has been attempted to expose their suffering that has been hidden in the meantime. Above all, the reason why we should be interested in their diseases is that they are closely related to the death of Sungkyunkwan dormitory students that occurred repeatedly not in the Joseon Dynasty. The major diseases that students of Sungkyunkwan dormitory, who had been a member of small family from the outskirts of the time, had suffered were wind-wetness diseases, wetness diseases and edema. It is known that the wind-wetness disease is mainly a disease involving the pain of the joint, which is not only difficult to straighten or bend the joint with the pain but also, if touched, causes the pain to exacerbate and the body to swell. On the other hand, wetness disease includes various types of diseases, the main symptom of which is swelling, aching and fever of the whole body joints. And edema, swelling disease, was a disease that was pointed out as the cause of death of students of Sungkyunkwan dormitory. One of the main symptoms of the disease was swelling, and these two diseases were the cause of edema. As a countermeasures to this, some rooms of the Sungkyunkwan dormitory were converted to the ondol room, the straw mats were laid on the floor rooms to prevent moisture in the summer and to prevent the cold in winter, bathrooms were installed, and medical officers were placed. However, the efforts of this country have not had much effect due to the lack of sustainability. This suggests that Sungkyunkwan students has suffered from the disease during the Joseon Dynasty. These facts mentioned above make us question the status of Sungkyunkwan as the best educational institute at that time.