The purpose of this study was to develop a group-based art therapy program that enhances resilience among mothers at risk for postpartum depression. We extensively reviewed the literature on postpartum depression and resilience, and the currently available programs, in order to demonstrate the theoretical and empirical framework of our new program for mothers of a newborns. We conducted a survey with mothers in postpartum care centers in Seoul, Gyeonggi Province, and Incheon. Survey participants completed the Korean Resilience Quotient Test and the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale, and their responses were analyzed using multiple regression and exploratory factor analysis. The results showed that resilience had a negative association with postpartum depression. More importantly among the domains of resilience, positivity, emotion regulation, and cause analysis had a significant effect on postpartum depression for mothers at risk. We also interviewed mothers at risk for postpartum depression to further understand their emotional distress and needs for intervention programs at postpartum care centers. By incorporating all the information gathered via the literature review, survey, and in-person interviews, we designed a group-based art therapy program that includes five activity 60-minute activity, 60-minute long each session. The program was revised and finalized through a feasibility and acceptability check by three art therapists.