This study analyzed the process of policy change in the National Assessment of Educational Achievement(NAEA) from 2012 to 2018 by applying Kingdon s multiple stream model. Despite the long-standing education policy, NAEA policy was not based on the rationality of the policy change process. This study considered that the policy window which is a combination of policy issues, policy alternatives, and political flows occurred at the time of the change of the administration, as major policy change and tried to analyze the process of NAEA policy change. According to the analysis, NAEA policy changed in 2013 and 2017 when the administration was replaced. In addition, dynamic interaction between policy participants and policy entrepreneurs played an important role in policy change process. Based on the results, this study suggested ways for the rational implementation of NAEA policy.