The purpose of this study was to examine distress tolerance‘s role in the effects of childhood interpersonal trauma experiences on social interactive anxiety. For this study, 324 college students attending four-year program universities in Seoul, Daejeon and Chungbuk Province examined the mediating effect of distress tolerance in relation to childhood interpersonal trauma experience and social interaction anxiety. For this study the SPSS 21.0 was used to examine the demographic characteristics and basic characteristics of each variable. It was also used to confirm that the assumption of the normal distribution was satisfied in the measurement variables. In addition, we used AMOS 21.0 to verify the structural equation model. As a result, there was a statistically significant correlation between childhood interpersonal trauma experience, lack of distress tolerance, and social interaction anxiety. As a result of the partial mediation effect, measured by structural equation, of lack of distress tolerance in the relationship between childhood interpersonal trauma experience and social interaction anxiety, the childhood interpersonal trauma experience not only directly affects social interaction anxiety but also indirectly influenced the social interactive anxiety through the distress tolerance. Finally, limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.