This study explores the academic characteristics and psychological and emotional difficulties of university students with dyslexia and suggests supportive measures to contribute to success in their adult life. We conducted reading and writing tests on seven college students who were aware of dyslexia, and four of them were invited to individual in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on data from the reading and writing tests to identify their strengths, weaknesses, and characteristics. Transcribed data from the interviews were analyzed via continuous comparative analysis. Based on the result of analyses on the reading ability, the study identified a group with weakness in reading comprehension and another group with weakness in word reading or reading fluency. The first group also exhibited relative weakness in listening comprehension, whereas the latter group displayed weakness in alphabetical knowledge and rapid auto naming. In addition, the participants experienced difficulty in spelling the final consonant in words; in particular, high-error frequencies were observed in the closed consonant group and the ringing sound group. The result of in-depth interviews indicated that the participants exhibited academic difficulties due to insufficient reading comprehension skills, which resulted in low grades and, thus, contradicted their efforts. The participants reported that such difficulties have persisted since high school. Conversely, the study confirmed that the participants were aware of their strengths and weaknesses and were exerting efforts to overcome difficulties using their strengths, such as repetitive learning and memorization strategies. Furthermore, the participants pointed out difficulties in interpersonal relationships, such as issues of bullying, and psychological difficulties due to low levels of self-esteem and severe depression. In summary, the results indicate that university students with dyslexia were aware of their academic, psychological, and emotional difficulties and recognized the need for a method to overcome them. This finding suggests that establishing a support system is necessary to help students with dyslexia overcome their experienced difficulties and to realize success as adults.