The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of Japanese school education reform in the era of the 4th industrial revolution and to clarify its characteristics and tasks. To this end, the 2017 curriculum, Japan s new vision for school education, the support of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology(MEXT), and the practice in schools were examined. The 2017 revised futuristic curriculum of Japan as a competency-based curriculum suggested the ‘dispositions and abilities’ to cultivate ‘Zest for Living,’ ‘proactive, interactive, and deep learning,’ ‘curriculum open to society’ and ‘curriculum management’ in the revision direction. The Central Council for Education newly demanded ‘personalized and self-regulated learning’ and ‘collaborative learning’ through the use of ICT, in the COVID-19 pandemic, while maintaining the integrated development of ‘Intellect- Morality-Physical Health’ as the traditional Japanese educational philosophy. MEXT is accelerating support for the ‘GIGA School’ policy to realize it, and various types of practical efforts are being made in schools as well. However, the following four tasks remain in order to establish it in the field of schools; Optimal combination between ICT and a new curriculum, efforts for students who are not guaranteed even the minimum academic level through online classes, continuous management of educational authorities to realize ‘collaborative learning’ and training time secure to improve teachers’ competency.