This study examined the relationship between parental psychological control, socially-prescribed perfectionism, internalized shame, and social anxiety perceived by elementary school children. The results of the verification of the mediating effect through the structural equation model are as follows. First, parental psychological control influenced socially prescribed perfectionism and internalized shame. In addition, socially prescribed perfectionism had an effect on internalized shame and social anxiety, and internalized shame had an effect on social anxiety. Second, as a result of the mediating effect verification, the single mediating effect of socially prescribed perfectionism and internalized shame was significant in the relationship between psychological control and social anxiety. In addition, the sequential dual mediating effect of socially prescribed perfectionism and internalized shame was significant. Third, as a result of multi-group equivalence verification for the final model, there was no difference according to gender. The significance of this study is that, in the relationship between parental psychological control and social anxiety, the cognitive-emotional mechanisms of socially prescribed perfectionism and internalized shame can act as risk factors for children's social anxiety. Implications and suggestions are presented based on the results.