This study analyzed the multicultural education policy promoted by the Ministry of Education over the past 17 years using Sleeter and Grant’s multicultural education approach to offer implications for the direction of Korea’s multicultural education policy. The Ministry of Education’s multicultural education policy announced from 2006 to 2022 was analyzed, and tasks promoted by each regime were examined based on the multicultural education approach proposed by Sleeter and Grant (special students and culturally different professors, interpersonal relations, single group research, multicultural education, and multicultural social justice). The results highlighted the following. First, most multicultural education policy tasks promoted by the Roh Moo Hyun government to Moon Jae In government focus on professors and interpersonal approaches for special students and culturally different students. Second, although tasks corresponding to the “multicultural education” approach promoted by the Ministry of Education’s multicultural education policy have been promoted, they have limitations in that they remain at a nascent level. Third, the task corresponding to the “multicultural social justice education” approach has not been promoted in the past 17 years. Through this study, we hope that tasks corresponding to the multicultural social justice education approach proposed by Sleeter and Grant will be promoted in the future multicultural education policy tasks and transformed into multicultural education policies for all students.