This study critically reviewed the commonly accepted new demands on elementary education and compared the changes of educated human model, core competencies, and teachers' role between 1950s and 2020s. Furthermore, the limitations of the construction and application of teachers' core competencies in teacher education policies were examined. The findings of the study were as follows. First, there were no critical differences in educated human model except minor wording. Second, there were no essential differences between the directions of schooling in 1949 education act and core competencies in 2015 school curriculum. Finally, when the key competencies focused by each subject matter were summarized and compared, all the core competencies were included. The results implied that the major role of teachers was to teach each subject matter effectively to enhance students' core competencies. In conclusion, the grounds and validity of the demand on changes on teachers' role were weak.