This study aims to obtain implications by examining preservice teachers' perceptions of changes in demographic structure in our society and population education in schools in order to nurture teachers who can practice desirable population education. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 prospective teachers currently attending a university of education by analyzing previous research and developing a semi-structured questionnaire. As a result, preservice teachers did not experience changes in the demographic structure except for issues related to individual careers and lives, such as teacher appointment and educational practice. there was In addition, preservice teachers expected that population education in the future would be conducted in a way that clearly recognizes the situation of population problems and respects individual choices. The results of this study are as follows: First, pre-service teachers' interest in and support for population education is increased, second, pre-service teachers' educational capabilities need to be strengthened so that desirable population education can be practiced, and third, changes in population education in schools are needed.